The following key points were covered in this module:

The thoracic cavity is divided into the mediastinum and the pleural cavities. The structures within the thoracic cavity include the intercostal muscles, ribs, sternum, costal arch, diaphragm, heart, lungs, trachea, aorta and pulmonary arteries.

Myocardial ischemia is the lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the new term being used to describe clinical conditions ranging from unstable angina to acute myocardial infarction.

Sources of chest pain include the mediastinum, chest wall, lungs/pleura and abdomen. It can also be due to psychogenic sources.

Five common cardiovascular emergencies are angina, AMI, aortic dissection, CHF and cardiogenic shock.

OPQRST is a mneumonic that helps you assess the character of a specific complaint--it stands for Onset, Provocation, Quality, Radiation, Severity and Time.

Principles of care for a cardiovascular emergency include: decision of SICK or NOT SICK, ensure an adequate airway and respirations, administer oxygen, position the patient appropriately and assure an ALS response.